The events of early 14th century – the struggle between Philip IV and Gui de Dampier, count of Flanders, the capture of the county by French as well as the Flemish uprising against the French governor (the Matins of Bruges and the Battle of Courtrai) – turned to be very convenient for the “instrumentalisation of history” and had been studied for a long time as a national conflict (the opposition of Belgium and France, Flemish and “francocised” Belgian state). There were also some different interpretations including the Soviet historiography. Nevetheless the federalisation of Belgium strongly supported the turn to more critical and complex analysis of the events in modern historiography that focuses mostly on the internal contradictions in the Flemish society of late 13th – early 14th century.